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LNG Transportation
The efficient and effective movement of natural gas from producing
regions to consumption regions requires an extensive and elaborate
transportation system. In many instances, natural gas produced from a
particular well will have to travel a great distance to reach its point
of use.
LNG is transported in large, specially
designed ships. These ships are double-hulled and have a capacity of
138,000 cubic meters or more. The vessels are fitted with a special
cargo containment system inside the inner hull to maintain the LNG at
atmospheric pressure and minus 260 degrees Fahrenheit. There are
about 130 ships currently in the LNG fleet and more than 50 additional
ones are on order.
What safety features are designed into LNG ships?
The ship's safety systems are divided into ship handling and cargo
system handling. The ship-handling safety features include sophisticated
radar and positioning systems that alert the crew to other traffic and
hazards around the ship. Also, distress systems and beacons
automatically send out signals if the ship is in difficulty. The
cargo-system safety features include an extensive instrumentation
package that safely shuts down the system if it starts to operate out of
predetermined parameters. Ships are also equipped with gas- and
fire-detection systems.
The subsequent land-based transportation system for natural gas consists of a complex network of pipelines, designed to quickly and efficiently transport natural gas from its origin or off-take facility, to areas of high natural gas demand. Transportation of natural gas is closely linked to its storage, as well; should the natural gas being transported not be required at that time, it can be put into storage facilities for when it is needed.
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